clark



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

7 W. CLARK.

PHOTOGRAPHIG GAMERA,

Patent (1 Segt. 2, 1884.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

Nv PETERS. Plmlo-Lnhogmphcr. Washington. 0. c.

(No Model.) 7 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. CLARK. I

, PHOTOGRAPHIO CAMERA. No. 304,503; 20' Patented Sept. 2, 1884.

jr J' fiy/i fl/ WITNESSES JINV'ENTOR:

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ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

WALTER CLARK, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

VPHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 304,503, datedSeptember 2, 1884.

Application filed January 17, 1884.

To all whom it may concerns Be it known that I, lVALTER CLARK, of thecity, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Photographic Cameras, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

This invention more particularly relates to photographic cameras inwhich the following elements are combined, namely: an adjustable lens, adevice for holding and exposing the sensitive plate at the back of thelens, a focusing-glass in the top or side of the camera-box, and areflector for throwing the image upon the focusing-glass, whereby, amongother advantages, certain of the usual manipulations are dispensed with,time is saved, the object to be photographed is presented upon thefocusing-glass in an upright instead of in an inverted position, and theholder of the sensitive plate may remain in its place back of the lenswhile focusing on the ground glass or transparency; also, said glassdoes not require to be removed or disturbed to take the picture upon thesensitive plate. In such cameras the reflector above referred to is madeadjustable into or out of line with the lens for the purpose of throwingthe image upon the focusing-glass, and of afterward exposing thesensitive plate; and in this invention, as in another invention of mine,it is preferred to construct the camera-box with compartments,one

of which, carrying the reflector, is constructed' with an open side nextto'the lens, and is or may be composed in part of a bellows attachmentto provide for its adjustment in or out of connection with the lens, andhas combined with it a movable interce pting-diaphragm be tween it andthe lens, while the other compartment serves for exposure of thesensitive plate.

The invention consists in providing such or other like cameras with apartition in front of the adjustable reflector and compartment orchamber in which the sensitive plate is exposed, thus dividing the boxinto two sections or stationary compartments, whereby provision is madefor inclosing the lens-case and working mechanism within the box,thereby doing away with objectionable outside exposure of parts, and theinvention, further- (No model.)

more, consists in certain constructions and combinations of theoperating mechanism and the devices actuated by it, whereby greatconvenience and efficiency are secured, all as hereinafter fullydescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section, mainly upon theline '10 w in Fig. 3, of a photographic camera embodying my invention;Fig. 2, a transverse vertical section upon the line a; w in Fig. 1; Fig.3, a further transverse section mainly upon the line y y in Fig.

1; and Fig. 4:, ahorizontal section mainly upon the line 2 z in Fig. 1.Fig. 5 is a sectional view of certain details detached, and Fig. 6 aside view of a vibrating drop or fly shutter in part.

A is the camera-box, provided with a hinged or other lid, 13. In the topof the box Ais an aperture, 0, for reception of the groundglass plate D,upon which the picture is focused. A bellows, E, is secured at its upperend to the box A, within or on the under side of the marginal portion ofthe aperture 0, and is connected at its lower end to the upper end ofthe mirror box or case F. This case is constructed to incline upwardlyon its back and away from the lens end of the camera, for the supportthereon, at a proper angle relatively to the ground glass D, of areflector or mirror, G. The top of the case F and the face of itopposite the reflector are both left open. Arranged in' front of theopen face of said case, at a suitable distance from the lens side orfront of the camera, is a partition, H, extending across the box, andprovided with a lens-opening, b, 0 in it also, which may be constructedor provided with a horizontal trunk, o, for the adj ustable lens-tube Iin the space between said partition and the front of the box. Thepartition H, which thus serves to support the 5 .lens-case,'instead ofarranging it in front of the box, divides the box into twosections orstationary compartments, J J, and the mirrorcase F may be said toconstitute a third movable compartment, the compartment J serving forexposure of the sensitive plate. The front rotating sleeve in, whichworks the gears that of the box is made to open and close, being operatethe racks K l ,passes out through the hinged, as at (Z. side of the boxA, and is manipulated by a Let into the portion H, with provision forfinger-wheel, I), to raise the shutter and open 70 5 its moving up anddown therein, and, if necthe lens, and to give the necessary upwardessary, through a bent or angular upper part movement to the diaphragm Land mirrorthereof, is a rack, K, having a finger, 0, case F. whichprojects back through a vertical slot, Concentric with and passingthrough the f, in the partition, andis fastened to a sliding sleeve m isaspindle, c, operated by a iinger- 7 5 diaphragm, L, arranged in frontof the face wheel, (1, and having on its inner end a of the mirrorcaseF, and working in grooves wheel, 3, which engages with a wheel, I", inside uprights, 9, attached to the mirrorcarrying on its spindle apinion, 1/, which case. This diaphragm L in moving up closes gears witha rack, h, on the lens tube or case the front opening in the case F.Upon said to adjust thclens as required. So I 5 diaphragm is aprojection, 71, that in the up The vibratory shutter N is re n'esentedas ward movement of the diaphragm acts upon controlled. or thrown by acoiled spring, 1?, the back ofa spring-catch, M, pivoted to the fast atits one end to the shutter, and at its one lllll'l'OI-OHSG upright r andengaging with other end to a pivot, r, in concentric relation a notch,s, in the partition H,to hold the mir with the pivot r of the shutter,said pivot be- 8 5 2o ror-case down until the diaphragm L has iiningfitted to turn in a b 'aeket or plate, 7t, on ished its intercepting.action in the upstroke. the inner side of the front, 0, ol." the box,and So soon, however, as the projection h on the having on it aspring-arm, Z, which is condiaphragm passes over the back of the catchstrueted to engage with any one of a series of M it releases themirror-case F, and said case, apertures, m, in the plate It to adjustthe ten- 9o by the continued lilting action of the linger c, sion of thespring i, for the purpose of regu is raised, together with thediaphragnnto the lating the working velocity of the shutter to top ofthe box, flexing the bellows E. The give a longer or shorter exposure,or for othrack K, by which this movement is effected, is erwiseregulating the spring as required. covered in front by a thin strip ofmetal,i,ex- The entire camera may rest upon any suit- 95 0 cepting wherethe gear-wheel 7;,which operates able support, or be carried by a postor upsaid rack, engages with the rack, thus excludright arranged to fita screw-socket, a, in the ing light to interfere with the taking of thebase of the box, there being no exterior ex picture. The two guidesZZ,in which the mirposure of its, operating mtchanism to interror-casemoves, are thstened to the partition t'ere with the placing orsupporting of it. too H. The large wheel. 7v, which operates the In theuse of the instrument the lid 13 is rack K, diaphragm L, and mirror-caseF, is first raised, and the sleeve in turned by the fast on a sleeve,in, and engages on the oppofinger-wheel b. to lower the mirror-case 1and site side of its axis with a pinion. a. This bring it into focusingposition with the lens pinion a forms part of the mechanism for op ofthe adjustable lens case or tube. llheinir- 105 c crating the drop orily shutter LT, which is ror-casehavingbeenloweredintolicensingposihereshown as a vibratory one of sector shape, tion, as described, and theshutter N adjusted with an aperture, 0, through it, and arranged by handapplied to a button on the outer end on the inner side of the openingfront 0 of the of its pivot r", to uncover the lens or to bring box A,the same having a pivot or working its aperture 0 in line therewith, thepicture is no 5 center, 1*, in said front, which has let into it thenfocused on the ground. glass D. Prior to a sliding rack, I, foroperating the shutter by this, or so soon as the mirror-case has beenthe pinion a. Upon this rack l. is a fingers, loweredinto focusingposition, the slide of the which engages with a spring catch or lil'ter,plateholder R may be withdrawn to prepare 1 on the shutter, and movesthe shutter up the camera for taking the picture on the sensi- 1 I 5 tothe position shown for it by upper dotted tive plate. After the picturehas been folines in Fig. 2, when said finger will clear the cused on theground glass 1) the sleeve on is lifter I; but the shutter thuslil'tedis retained turned to first raise the diaphragm L into its in itselevated lens closing position by a intercepting position, and then themirror spring-catch, a, engaging with a notch, 12, in case and itsdiaphragm out of the way; also, 120 the outer curved portion of theshutter. To to lift the shutter N till the spring-catch a ensecure theabove-named release of the rack gages with the notch o, to hold theshutter in finger s from the shutter and its engagement its elevatedclosed position, after which, or with the lifter i when the shutterisdown, the during the concluding portion. of the upshutter-pivot r hasitscenter arranged slightly stroke of the rack 1, said catch is released,125 below the center line of the camera or its and the shutter drops oris thrown down by lens-tube. After the shutter N has been raised itsspring i, and as the shutter falls or the apand locked, as described,the rack P, in its erturein. it passes the lens-o1 e11ing thepiccontinued upward movement, subsequently ture is taken on thesensitiveplate, the holder causes its iinger s to act uponaprojectingheel V containing which may then be removed. I 30 end, a, ofthe catch a to release the shutter, Alter this; the a paratus may beadjusted to which in dropping makes an exposure. The repeat theoperation as before.

by the shutter N being raised immediately after focusing, thelens-opening is closed to prevent light from entering therethrough tillafter the further raising of rack P and subsequent fall of the drop whentaking the picture. It

should also be observed that the diaphragm.

L in being raised to close the mirror-case F before said case is lifted,and keeping the case closed till after the picture is taken, light isexcluded from entering by the ground glass D and through the 1nirrorcaseinto the compartment J of the box in which the sensitive plate isexposed.

The plate-holder V may be of the usual or any suitable construction, andthe drop-shutter and mirror-case may be variously modified and themirror and focusing-glass be arranged to focus on the side instead of onthe top of the camera-box.

By means of the partition H and arrangement of the working mechanismwithin the box, including the lens tube or case, not only is there greatcompactness, but the mechanism is protected from injury, or frominterfering by outside exposure with the handling and placing of thecamera, and the mechanism employed is both simple and efficient and isreadily accessible on opening the front lid, 0,

A of the box.

In an-application filed by me August 8, 1883, Serial No. 103,109, amovable diaphragm, a movable mirror-case,'and a bellows attached to saidcase and around theopening in the camera-box carrying the focusingglass,are described and claimed, and form no part of the present invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new,and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In aphotographie camera in which are combined an adjustablelens, adevice for holding and exposing the sensitive plate at the backof thelens, a focusing-glass in the side or top of the camera-box, and areflector for throwing the image upon the focusing-glass, the cameraboxconstructed with a stationary partition in advance of the reflectordividing the box into front and rear compartments, and serving to carrythe lens tube or case, substantially as specified.

2. The camera-box provided with a partition dividing it into front andrear compartments and having a lens-opening through it, in combinationwith a movable mirror-case 1 arranged at the back of said partition, anda focusing-glass in the top or side of the box, essentially as and forthe purposes herein set forth.

3. The camera-box constructed with front and rear compartments, J J, andhaving a lensopening between them,in combination with the movableinclined mirror-case F, arranged at the back of the front one, J, ofsaid compart ments, and provided with an opening and closing diaphragm,L, in its front, substantially as specified.

4. The combination, with the movable mirror-case F and its opening andclosing diaphragm L, constructed to lift said case after closing it, ofthe sliding rack K, connected with said diaphragm, and the catch M,essentially as described. l

5. The combination, with the camera-box compartmentsJ J, the movablemirror-case F, having an opening and closing diaphragm, L, and thedrop-shutter of the camera, of mech anism arranged within the forwardcompartment, J, for operating said case, diaphragm, and shutter,substantially as specified.

6. The combination, with the partition H,

compartments, J J, of the rack K, fitted to slide in or on saidpartition, the gear-wheel k, operating said rack, and the mirror-case Fmoved by said rack, essentially as described.

7. The sleeve m and spindle 0, arranged for operation from the exteriorof the box, in

. combination with the gears a c f g and the racks K, P, and h withinthe box, the movable mirror-case F, its opening and closing diaphragm L,the shutter N, and the adjustable lens of the camera, substantially asspecified.

8. The circularly-shaped vibratory shutter N, having a notch, 12, incombination with the springcatch a, the spring catch or lifter t, andthe rack P, with its finger s, substantially as described.

9. The vibratory drop-shutter N, in combination with itscontrolling-spring 2', springarm Z, and bracket or plate 70, essentiallyas and for the purpose described.

WALTER CLARK.

\Vitnesses:

EDGAR TATE, EDWARD M. CLARK.

and its opening and closing diaphragm L,

dividing the camera-box into front and rear

